The transversus abdominus muscle is the first of
the three flank muscles of the abdominal wall. transversalis fascia is its
deep fascial covering. Its medial and inferior borders become aponeurotic.
The medial aponeurosis contributes to the deep layer of anterior rectus
sheath. The inferior aponeurotic edge is the transversus aponeurotic
arch which is fused to the underlying transversalis fascia. The iliopubic
tract is the thickened strip of transversalis fascia attached to inguinal
ligament. The transversalis fascia between the arch and iliopubic tract
covers the "direct space" portion of the inguinal floor.
The internal oblique muscle is the next abdominal
wall layer and its medial aponeurotic portion fuses with the underlying
transversus aponeurosis to complete the deep layer of anterior rectus
sheath. Only a small number of individuals have complete fusion at the
lateral edge of the rectus muscle forming a "conjoined tendon".
The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and the external
spermatic vessels from the inferior epigastrics penetrate transversalis
fascia near the deep ring and lie lateral to the spermatic cord between
internal spermatic fascia and cremaster muscle.
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The hypogastric branch of the iliohypogastric nerve
lies on the surface of the internal oblique muscle in the inguinal region
and the ilioinguinal nerve lies on the surface of the cremaster muscle
in the inguinal canal.
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