c l i n i c a l f o l i o s : n a r r a t i v e





A D V E R T I S E M E N T

 

Breast Cancer: Risk: 4

A D V E R T I S E M E N T

   
 

The identification of specific  gene mutations predisposing to the development of breast cancer (BRCA1 & 2) has led to widespread concern among anyone with any family history of breast cancer. In fact most (80%) women who develop breast cancer have no significant family history. A very small percentage of families have multiple members with the same significant BRCA genetic mutation, and these family members tend to develop the disease at a very early age (<30) and are consequently at high risk.    

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Breast Cancer: Risk: 5

A D V E R T I S E M E N T

   
 

The history of having had a breast cancer is the biggest single risk factor for developing a new breast cancer. For this reason, every patient who has had the disease is carefully followed for the rest of her life.

A peculiar and poorly understood proliferation of the glandular cells of the breast called lobular neoplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) increases the risk of developing an invasive cancer in the same or opposite breast.

 A benign breast biopsy that shows changes in the cells called atypical hyperplasia increases the risk of developing cancer and requires increased surveillance.

The multiple minor risk factors that have been associated with small percentage increases in incidence include a longer period of estrogen stimulation (early menarche, late menopause), late childbearing, alcohol, obesity and smoking. There is a great deal in the popular literature about dietary patterns that may be harmful or protective, but little substantial evidence one way or the other at the present time.

The same is true about having a positive attitude. The most harmful and destructive idea that arises from the desperate search for something to actively do about breast cancer is the notion that if a woman develops the disease it is somehow her fault. The scientific term for this concept is baloney. 

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This page was last modified on 7/12/1999.