The femoral canal lies medial to the transition of external iliac vein to femoral vein, is bounded medially by the lacunar ligament, posteriorly by the superior ramus of the pubis and pectineus muscle, and anteriorly by the inguinal ligament. It is the major conduit through which lymphatics from the leg enter the pelvis. Dilation of the canal allows herniation which is at high risk for incarceration and strangulation because of its narrow caliber and rigid borders.
The femoral sheath surrounding the femoral neurovascular bundle is a continuation of the transversalis fascia beneath the inguinal ligament. The femoral canal is the medial-most space within this sheath.
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